29 ThinLAN 3000/XL Link Technical Data For HP 3000 Series 900 Computer Systems Product Number 36923A The ThinLAN 3000/XL Link provides the hardware and software to connect an HP 3000 Series 900 computer to a multivendor LAN. The LAN/3000 Link includes the hardware interface card and the device driver, network transport, and network management agent software. The LAN/3000 Link connects to either Ethernet LANs, IEEE 802.3 LANs, or both. [Figure 1 (ThinLAN 3000/XL Link) Caption: none] The network transport software includes the industry standard TCP, UDP, and IP protocols, along with both the BSD sockets and HP NetIPC APIs. Users may write their own software to access the network via an API, or they may purchase one of the higher level networking services (ARPA, NS) provided by HP and supported over the LAN/3000 Link. Features o Network transport software provides the ARPA TCP, UDP, and IP protocols. o BSD sockets API provides access to TCP and UDP. o HP NetIPC API provides access to TCP. o Supports Ethernet and IEEE 802.3 protocols. o Supports 10 Mbits/s burst transfer rate. o Uses a microprocessor-driven interface controller to minimize the HP 3000 overhead associated with datacommunications processing. o Supports connections to thin coaxial cable, thick coaxial cable, and unshielded twisted-pair wiring. o Any node may be attached or removed while the network is active. o Integrated node management software provides on-line configuration and logging. o Integrated network management agent software supports SNMP. Functional Specifications ________________________________________________________________________ Cable Type: ThinLAN ThickLAN EtherTwist (Thin coaxial) (Thick coaxial) (Unshielded twisted-pair) ________________________________________________________________________ IEEE cable Type Type Type specification 10BASE2 10BASE5 10BASE-T ________________________________________________________________________ Maximum segment 185 meters 500 meters 100 meters length hub to node ________________________________________________________________________ Maximum number of 30 100 N/A nodes per segment ________________________________________________________________________ Minimum distance 0.5 meters 2.5 meters N/A between nodes ________________________________________________________________________ Maximum AUI 50 meters 50 meters 50 meters cable length ________________________________________________________________________ 30 Functional Description The LAN/3000 link provides the hardware and software to connect an HP 3000 Series 900 computer system to a multivendor Local Area Network (LAN). The LAN/3000 link supports system-to-system communications to other HP 3000s; HP 1000s, 9000s, and PCs; as well as other systems supporting TCP/UDP/IP over Ethernet/802.3 wiring. The hardware components of the link include the Local Area Network Interface Controller card (LANIC), the Medium Attachment Unit (MAU), and in some cases, an Attachment Unit Interface (AUI) cable. The software components of the link include the LANIC device driver, the TCP/UDP/IP network transport, and the BSD sockets and HP NetIPC APIs. Some of the components in the LAN/3000 Link are bundled with selected HP 3000 systems. The components may also differ, depending on the specific system. Please see the ordering instructions below for more details. Hardware Components Note: The standard LAN/3000 Link connects to a thin coaxial cable (IEEE Type 10BASE2); connections to thick coaxial cable (IEEE 10BASE5) or unshielded twisted-pair wiring (IEEE Type 10BASE-T) are also available but optional. Local Area Network Interface Controller (LANIC) The LANIC is a microprocessor-based communication controller that plugs into the HP 3000 Series 900 backplane. It handles buffering, the IEEE 802.2 and 802.3 protocols, error checking, and keeps track of network statistics. When addressed by another node on the network, the LANIC receives frames of information and checks the accuracy of the data before passing the frames to the host. To transmit data, an addressed frame is sent from the host to the LANIC, which adds error checking information. The LANIC then tests to see if the cable is busy and, if not, transmits the frame. Features - On-board microprocessor capable of receiving multiple back-to-back packets. - IEEE 802.2 link-level protocol handling. - IEEE 802.3 Carrier-Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CMSA/CD) access method handling. - Supports multicast, broadcast, and individual addressing. - Frame length up to 1500 bytes. - Built-in self-test - On-line diagnostics run under MPE. - Collects LAN statistics (collided packets, bad packets, etc.). - HP Precision Bus (HP-PB) card comes with ThinLAN transceiver and AUI port. [Figure 2 (Ethernet wiring) Caption: none] IEEE 802.3 and Ethernet Coexistence There are some similarities and some differences between IEEE 802.3 and Ethernet LANs. Since both types utilize the same coaxial cable media, Ethernet nodes may coexist on the same LAN segment with IEEE 802.3 nodes. The most significant differences are in the data packet format 31 and the electrical grounding of the hardware. All HP 3000 LANICs can transmit either IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet-type packets. Medium Attachment Unit (MAU) The Medium Attachment Unit (MAU) provides the physical and electrical connection to the LAN wiring. It receives signals from, and sends signals to the cable, and detects collisions resulting from two nodes starting to transmit simultaneously. The MAU also provides electrical isolation from the coaxial cable and performs several other functions to ensure network reliability. For example, if a MAU fails by continuously transmitting, a circuit will detect the failure and shut down the MAU. The LAN/3000 Link can be connected to thin coaxial cable (ThinMAU), thick coaxial cable (ThickMAU), or unshielded twisted-pair wiring (EtherTwist MAU). A ThinMAU is provided with the LAN/3000 Link; the other MAUs are ordered separately. The ThinMAU is powered by the LANIC. Note: The specific MAU and cabling supplied with the LAN/3000 Link differs, depending on the specific HP 3000 system. Please see the ordering instructions for more details. Software Components The LAN/3000 Link includes software corresponding to layers 2 through 4 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model (see Figure 3). It also includes node management and network management agent software (SNMP). The Data Link Layer, corresponding to OSI layer 2, consists of the IEEE 802.2 and 802.3 protocols. The 802.3 implementation supports Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (CSMA/CD), which gives every node on the coaxial cable equal access to the network. A sending node monitors the network to ensure that no other node is transmitting before it attempts transmission. If, while transmitting, the sending node detects a collision, the sending node initiates a jam signal and waits before retransmitting. Transmission consists of sending addressed frames of data to the wiring at a signaling rate of 10 megabits/s. The 802.2 implementation supports [Figure 3 (LAN/9000 Link Software Components) Caption: none] Logical Link Control (LLC). Both the IEEE 802.2 and the Ethernet service are Type 1 (unacknowledged datagrams). The Network Layer, corresponding to OSI layer 3, is based on the ARPA Internet Protocol (IP). IP provides packet fragmentation/ reassembly and internetting capability. The Transport Layer, corresponding to OSI layer 4, is based on the ARPA Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). TCP provides end-to-end reliable, connection-oriented services over IP with flow control and multiplexing. TCP also has mechanisms for detecting duplicate, lost, or out-of-sequence packets. UDP provides an unacknowledged connection-less delivery service over IP. The LAN/3000 Link provides two application programmatic interfaces (APIs) to the network transport, Berkeley (BSD) sockets and HP's Network Inter-Proccess Communication (NetIPC). Both APIs support the rapid exchange of data using peer-to-peer communications between processes. 32 The processes may be on a single system or on different systems on the network. BSD sockets provides a C language interface to TCP and UDP. BSD sockets is available on HP 1000s, 9000s, and PCs and on a wide range of computers from other vendors. BSD sockets is part of the MPE/iX FOS beginning with release 4.0 and is supported over the LAN/3000 Link. The following sockets calls are supported: - accept() - bind() - close() - connect() - fcntl() - gethostby xxxx - getnetby xxxx - getpeername() - getprotoby xxxx - getservby xxxx - getsockname() - listen() - recv() - recvfrom() - select() - send() - sendto() - shutdown() - socket() - socketpair() Additional sockets calls are planned for later releases. NetIPC is a set of 18 programmatic calls, appropriate for implementing efficient distributed applications over TCP only. NetIPC supports communications to various HP systems, including the HP 1000, 3000, and 9000 computer systems, as well as HP PC networking. Applications written to NetIPC can also interoperate with other applications written to BSD sockets. Node management software is included in the LAN/3000 Link and provides a user interface for configuration, tracing, and logging. An on-line user configurator supports easy initial configuration and reconfiguration of the LAN/3000 Link software without bringing down the HP 3000. The node management software also delivers flexible event logging and the ability to selectively trace several levels of network software. Also included is NetTool, a set of tools to monitor, analyze, and diagnose the network transport software. On-line diagnostics provide the ability to test the system's LANIC, AUI cable, and MAU, as well as send test frames to and receive test responses from other nodes. The LAN/3000 Link also includes a network management agent. The agent supports the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and collects information regarding the state of the link and transport. This information is used and displayed by remote management stations, such as the HP OpenView Network Node Manager (see related products below). 33 Standards The protocols underlying the LAN/3000 Link software closely adhere to the following standards: RFC 768 UDP RFC 791 IP RFC 792 ICMP RFC 793 TCP RFC 826 ARP RFC 919 IP Broadcast Datagrams RFC 922 IP Broadcast Datagrams with Subnets RFC 950 IP Subnet Extension RFC 1155 Management Information (SNMP) RFC 1157 SNMP RFC 1213 MIB II (SNMP) Support for Networking Services The LAN/3000 Link supports the multivendor ARPA network services and HP's proprietary NS network services The products provide interactive and programmatic facilities, such as virtual terminal access, file transfer, and remote database, file, and peripheral access. (See related products below.) Network Capacity and Performance Although the signaling rate of the line may be 10 megabits/s, the throughput achieved at a node may be lower. This is primarily due to the overhead of the software providing network services and the user's applications programs. Among the factors affecting user throughput are the type of software being used, the main memory and speed of each processor (and its peripherals) involved in the transfer and the load on each system from non-network applications. Because of the number and complexity of these factors, it is difficult to make useful generalizations about the performance or capacity of the network in a particular application. Hewlett-Packard network specialists are available to consult in network design. They have data on the system and network parameters that affect network operation. With this information and an accurate understanding of the target environment, they can assist in designing an effective network. Installation and Configuration Policy The customer is responsible for loading the LAN/3000 Link software onto the system. HP will install the LANIC card and perform minimum configuration of the LAN/3000 Link to verify minimum product functionality. This activity is included in the product purchase price. Customer Responsibility 34 Prior to having HP personnel on-site to verify the installation and perform minimum configuration of LAN/3000 Link, the customer is responsible for the following: o Installing the appropriate wiring. For thin coaxial cable, this includes terminators, BNC "T" connectors, taps, and (where necessary) the MAUs and the routing of the AUI cable from the MAU to the LANIC. o Complying with all applicable building codes in the installation of the LAN cabling and components. o Obtaining a valid IP address prior to the configuration of the LAN/3000 Link. o Providing HP with the information necessary to complete the Network Implementation and Support Plan (NISP) including: - System configurations. - Logical network map identifying relevant traffic flow. - Physical network map identifying relevant network hardware components. o Updating the HP 3000 system to the proper release level and installing the LAN/3000 Link software using AUTOINST. Refer to the HP 3000 MPE/iX Installation and Update Manual (36123-90001). o Verifying that all of the necessary software modules have been successfully installed by AUTOINST and are at the correct version levels using the NMMAINT.PUB.SYS utility. o Performing full system backups (as necessary) and ensuring that the HP 3000 system and personnel with HP 3000 system management experience and LAN management experience are available when HP is on-site to complete the installation and minimum configuration of the LAN/3000 Link. After HP has completed the minimum configuration of the LAN/3000 Link, the customer is also responsible for completing the configuration in order to fully integrate the LAN/3000 Link into the existing customer network. HP Responsibility Following the installation of the LAN/3000 Link software, HP is responsible for the following: o Installing and verifying the operation of the LANIC card. o Confirming that all of the necessary software modules have been installed and are at the correct version level. o Connecting the LANIC to the customer's MAU (only if the MAU is accessible). o Configuring the LAN/3000 Link product to the minimum default configuration necessary to verify software and hardware functionality. This default configuration includes configuring the link and network interface in the network configuration file (NMCONFIG) using the NMMGR Utility. o Cross validating the network configuration against the system I/O configuration. o Verifying that with the minimum configuration, the LAN/3000 Link product accesses the customer's MAU (if connected), after the product is started by the NETCONTROL command. These steps complete HP's portion of the installation and minimum configuration of the LAN/3000 Link. 35 Additional Implementation Assistance For implementation needs that go beyond installation, the customer can either provide self-support or can purchase additional services from HP. These services include Network Startup and HP ConsultLine. In addition, the customer can also purchase service from HP on a time-and-materials basis. Network Startup includes implementation scheduling and coordination assistance, network configuration and verification testing, and network documentation. Ordering Information HP Precision Bus (HP-PB) systems All HP 3000 Series 9x7LX and 9x7 systems come with a HP-PB multi-function I/O card, which includes a built-in 802.3 LANIC and ThinLAN MAU. All HP 3000 Series 990 and 992 systems come with a HP-PB LAN/Console card, which also includes a built-in 802.3 LANIC and ThinLAN MAU. These integrated LANICs support terminal, printer, and X.25 communications, all of which are provided by the Datacommunications and Terminal Controller DTC/3000 product. For system-to-system communications via a LAN, the customer may either use the the 802.3 LANIC supplied with the system or order a second HP-PB 802.3 LANIC card. The LANIC supplied with the system should be sufficient to meet the performance requirements of both DTC and system-to-system LAN communications. There are circumstances, however, where a second HP-PB LANIC should be considered. If the system-to-system traffic is high, the customer may want the additional performance of a second HP-PB LANIC card. Another possibility is that the customer wants to put DTC traffic and LAN traffic on separate wiring. Customers who use the 802.3 LANIC supplied with the system only need to order the software component of the LAN/3000 Link (the network transport and the device driver). Customers who want a second HP-PB card, must also order the appropriate hardware option. MPE/iX release 4.0 or later is required to use a second HP-PB LANIC card. The HP-PB 802.3 LANIC supplied with the system, and the optional second HP-PB LANIC, both come with a ThinLAN MAU. The LANIC cards also include an Attachment Unit Interface (AUI) port, for customers who want to connect to a LAN using either a ThickMAU or an EtherTwist MAU. These MAUs must be ordered separately (see below). Channel I/O (CIO) Bus Systems All HP 3000 Series 900 systems with the CIO bus include a CIO 802.3 LANIC card, a ThinLAN MAU, and a ThickLAN MAU. The Series 960 and 980 systems require a second LANIC card for system-to-system communications via a LAN; for all other CIO systems a second card is optional. As described above, however, there are circumstances where a second LANIC should be considered. Customers who use the 802.3 LANIC supplied with the system only need to order the software component of the LAN/3000 Link (the network transport and the device driver). Customers who want a second CIO LANIC card, or who require a second card (Series 960 & 980), must also order the appropriate hardware option. The CIO 802.3 LANIC card supplied with the system comes with a ThinLAN MAU and a ThickLAN MAU. The second CIO 802.3 LANIC card comes 36 with a ThinLAN MAU only. The LANIC cards also include an Attachment Unit Interface (AUI) port, for customers who want to connect to a LAN using either a ThickMAU or an EtherTwist MAU. These MAUs must be ordered separately (see below) 36923A ThinLAN 3000/XL Link Hardware Options (see instructions above; may select one option) 001 802.3 CIO LANIC card. For Series 920, 922, 922LX, 922RX, 925, 925LX, 932, 935, 948, 949, 950, 955, 958, 960, 980. 002 802.3 HP-PB LANIC card (single-high). For Series 9x7LX, 9x7, 990, 992. Processor Options (see instructions above; may select one option) 310 For Tier 1 SPUs, one RTU/sublicense 315 For Tier 2 SPUs, one RTU/sublicense 320 For Tier 3 SPUs, one RTU/sublicense 330 For Tier 4 SPUs, one RTU/sublicense 335 For Tier 5 SPUs, one RTU/sublicense 340 For Tier 6 SPUs, one RTU/sublicense 350 For Tier 7 SPUs, one RTU/sublicense Upgrade Credit Options Previous purchase of the LAN/3000 Link is required. In order to receive the upgrade credit, customers must order both the upgrade credit option which pertains to their current processor and the new processor option on the same order. 0CD Upgrade Credit for Option 310 0GJ Upgrade Credit for Option 315 0CE Upgrade Credit for Option 320 0CF Upgrade Credit for Option 330 0GL Upgrade Credit for Option 335 0GM Upgrade Credit for Option 340 Alternate MAUs 28685B EtherTwist MAU 30241A ThickMAU Support Products 36923A+S00 Software Material Subscription (SMS) for LAN/3000 Link 36923A+W00 Extended SMS for LAN/3000 Link 37 Response Center Support and Account Management Support customers must also order Data Communications Category Support B, if it has not already been purchased. Customers with hardware support agreements must add the appropriate level of coverage (SMMC or BMMC) for this link product to their support agreement. For quick implementation of your network, a simplified service interface, verified network operation, and assured ongoing supportability, please refer to the HP Network Startup data sheet in this guide. Documentation Included with LAN/3000 Link 36922-61023 HP 3000/XL Network Planning and Configuration Guide 36922-61003 NS3000/XL NMMGR Screens Reference Manual 36922-61005 NS3000/XL Operations and Maintenance Reference Manual 36922-61029 HP SNMP/XL User's Guide 36923-61000 NS3000/XL Error Messages Reference Manual 36920-61005 NS3000/XL Programmer's Reference Manual Included with HP-PB LANIC hardware (option 002): 28640-90001 LAN Hardware Installation 28640-96006 LAN Hardware Installation Quick Start Related Documentation 36920-61000 Using NS3000/XL Network Services 32650-90363 Berkeley Sockets/iX User's Guide Related Products HP 2344A, 2347A, 2348A, 36955A, 36956A, 36957A, D2355A ARPA Services/XL HP B1009A, B1024A HP OpenView Network Node Manager HP 36920A NS3000/XL Network Services Coaxial Cable and LAN Accessories A complete line of local area network products, including coaxial cable, installation tools, and connector products is available from Hewlett-Packard; refer to the current Computer Users Catalog. For cable planning information, refer to the LAN Cable and Accessories Installation Manual (P/N 5955-7680), available from your HP Sales Representative. From HP Networking Communications Specification Guide, 5091-3821E, 9205, p 259 Associated files: la3821o9.plt, la3821o9.gal, la3821p1.plt, la3821p1.gal, la3821p2.plt, la3821p2.gal, a3821259.doc ThinLAN 3000/XL Link Technical Data